Фрезерные станки: Names, Типы, and Uses for CNC Machining

Milling machine tools are cutting tools for milling machines and CNC machining centers. They remove material from metal, пластик, графит, and other workpieces to create slots, holes, профили, flat surfaces, нити, and 3D shapes.

Для покупателей, инженеры, and machinists, choosing the right milling tool is important. Как результат, the correct cutter can improve surface finish, reduce tool wear, and make machining more stable.

Однако, different tools have different shapes and functions. Поэтому, this guide explains the most common milling machine tools, their names, их использование, and how to choose the right tool for different CNC milling operations.

What Are Milling Machine Tools?

Manufacturers use milling machine tools as rotary cutting tools for milling operations. These tools usually have one or more cutting edges. When the tool rotates, the cutting edges remove material from the workpiece.

Many factories use these tools in mold making, машиностроение, автомобильные детали, аэрокосмические части, electronic components, and general metalworking. Common milling tools include end mills, торцевые фрезы, концевые фрезы со сферическим концом, концевые фрезы с бычьим концом, Фрезы для Т-образных пазов, боковые фрезы, резьбовые фрезы, drills, and reamers.

Простыми словами, milling machine tools help manufacturers cut different shapes with accuracy, стабильность, and repeatability.

Common Milling Machine Tools Names and Uses

The table below shows common tools used in milling machines and their main applications. This section also helps users who search for “milling machine tools list”, “milling cutter types”, and “tools used in milling machine”.

For general slotting, профилирование, и фрезерование уступов, many factories use an Концевая фреза.

You can also check Фрезы с ЧПУ.for more CNC cutting tool options

Main Types of Milling Machine Tools

Концевые фрезы

End mill cutters are among the most common milling machine tools. They can cut from the side and the end of the tool. Because of this design, they are suitable for slotting, профилирование, оконтуривание, карманное фрезерование, и фрезерование уступов.

End mills are available in different flute numbers, покрытия, длины, and materials. Например, 2 flute end mills are often used for aluminum and soft materials because they offer better chip removal. В отличие, 4 flute end mills are more suitable for steel and stainless steel because they provide stronger cutting stability.

For general CNC machining, an end mill cutter for CNC milling.is usually one of the first tools to consider.

Концевые фрезы со сферическим концом

Ball nose end mills have a round cutting tip. This design makes them suitable for 3D surface machining, изогнутые поверхности, полости плесени, and complex contours.

Mold shops often use ball nose end mills for die machining, graphite machining, и прецизионная отделка. По сравнению с фрезами с плоским концом, ball nose tools can produce smoother curved surfaces. Однако, they are not the best choice for sharp inside corners.

When machining 3D profiles and mold cavities, концевые фрезы со сферическим концом are a better choice.

Bull Nose End Mills

Концевые фрезы с закругленным концом также называются концевыми фрезами с угловым радиусом.. They have a small radius on the cutting corner. This radius improves tool strength and reduces corner chipping.

Как результат, bull nose end mills work well for semi-finishing, черновая отделка, и обработка материалов, таких как сталь и нержавеющая сталь.. They are also a good choice when the tool needs more corner strength than a sharp flat end mill.

For stronger corner cutting and semi-finishing, видеть Концевая фреза с бычьим носом.

T-Slot Cutters

T-slot cutters cut T-shaped slots in machine tables, светильники, формы, и зажимные системы. This tool usually works after a straight slot has already been made.

Первый, an end mill opens the slot. Затем, the T-slot cutter creates the wider undercut area. Поэтому, you should not use a T-slot cutter as the first tool for opening a straight slot.

For slot and undercut machining, you can use a Фреза для Т-образных пазов.

Side Milling Cutters

Side milling cutters cut grooves, слоты, и боковые поверхности. They remove material from the side of the workpiece and help machine wider or deeper grooves.

Во многих случаях, factories use these cutters for general machinery, детали пресс-формы, and metal component production. They are suitable when the cutting operation needs stable side cutting.

Для обработки канавок и боковых поверхностей, видеть боковая фреза.

Твердосплавные режущие инструменты

Solid carbide cutting tools are widely used in modern CNC machining. Carbide has higher hardness and better wear resistance than high-speed steel. Поэтому, it supports higher cutting speeds and longer tool life.

Many manufacturers choose solid carbide tools for steel, нержавеющая сталь, чугун, алюминий, медь, графит, и закаленные материалы. Кроме того, coatings can improve heat resistance and wear resistance.

For high-precision CNC machining, you can choose твердосплавные режущие инструменты.

How to Choose Milling Machine Tools by Operation

Different milling operations need different tool designs. Поэтому, you should choose the tool based on the cutting task first.

For Slotting

End mills are usually the most common choice for slotting. А 2 flute end mill is useful for aluminum and other soft materials because it has more chip space. Тем временем, а 4 flute end mill is better for steel when higher stability is needed.

For aluminum and slotting, видеть 2 концевая фреза с канавками.

For Side Milling and Profiling

When you need side milling, choose an end mill with good rigidity and a suitable flute length. If the workpiece material is harder, coated carbide end mills can improve tool life.

Для обработки стали, видеть 4 концевая фреза с канавками.

For 3D Surface Machining

For 3D surfaces, curved profiles, and mold cavities, ball nose end mills are more suitable. Their round tip can follow complex tool paths and produce smooth surfaces.

For mold and 3D surface machining, видеть концевые фрезы со сферическим концом.

For T-Slot Machining

Use a T-slot cutter for T-slots and undercuts. Однако, do not use it for the first straight slot. Первый, use an end mill to make the opening. Затем, use the T-slot cutter to finish the special shape.

For undercut machining, видеть Фреза для Т-образных пазов.

For Graphite and Abrasive Materials

Graphite and other abrasive materials can wear normal tools quickly. По этой причине, many graphite machining shops choose diamond-coated tools because they improve wear resistance and keep the cutting edge sharper for longer.

Для обработки графита, выбирать концевые фрезы с алмазным покрытием.

How to Choose Milling Tools by Material

Кроме того, material is one of the most important factors when choosing milling machine tools. A tool that works well for aluminum may not work well for stainless steel or graphite.

Алюминий

Aluminum is soft, but it can stick to the cutting edge if chip removal is poor. По этой причине, tools with fewer flutes and polished flutes are often preferred. А 2 флейта или 3 flute end mill can help remove chips smoothly.

Сталь

Сталь требует более прочных режущих кромок и большей жесткости инструмента.. Во многих случаях, 4 flute carbide end mills are suitable for steel milling. Coated tools can also improve heat resistance and tool life.

Нержавеющая сталь

Stainless steel is more difficult to machine because it can generate heat and work harden. Поэтому, you need a sharp carbide tool, stable clamping, and a suitable coating. Proper cutting parameters are also important.

Графит

Графит абразивный, so tool wear is a major problem. Diamond-coated end mills are often used because they provide better wear resistance and longer tool life.

Закалённая сталь

For hardened steel, tool hardness, покрытие, дизайн флейты, and rigidity are very important. High-performance carbide end mills or special coated tools are usually required.

Milling Machine Tools Selection Checklist

Before choosing milling machine tools, check the points below. This can help reduce wrong tool selection and improve machining efficiency.

Поэтому, a correct tool choice should match the material, операция резки, состояние машины, и требования к качеству поверхности. It is better not to choose a milling cutter only by price. Во многих случаях, a more suitable cutter can reduce tool wear, улучшить качество поверхности, and lower the total machining cost.

FAQ About Milling Machine Tools

What are the different types of tools used in milling machines?

Common tools used in milling machines include end mills, концевые фрезы со сферическим концом, концевые фрезы с бычьим концом, торцевые фрезы, Фрезы для Т-образных пазов, боковые фрезы, резьбовые фрезы, drill bits, and reamers. Each tool has a different shape and cutting purpose.

What is the most common milling machine tool?

The end mill cutter is one of the most common milling machine tools. It can be used for slotting, боковое фрезерование, профилирование, карманное фрезерование, и контуринг.

Для общего фрезерования с ЧПУ, вы можете проверить наш Концевая фреза.

Which milling tool is used for slots?

End mills are commonly used for straight slots. Для Т-образных пазов, a T-slot cutter is needed after the first slot is opened.

For T-slot machining, видеть Фреза для Т-образных пазов.

How do I choose a milling cutter for CNC machining?

Первый, check the material you need to cut. Затем, подтвердить операцию обработки, такие как прорезь, черновая обработка, отделка, or 3D contouring. After that, choose the correct tool type, номер флейты, покрытие, and size.

If you are not sure, you can send the material, рисунок, размер инструмента, and machining requirement to the tool supplier for advice.

Заключение

Milling machine tools include many cutter types, such as end mills, концевые фрезы со сферическим концом, концевые фрезы с бычьим концом, Фрезы для Т-образных пазов, боковые фрезы, and carbide cutting tools. Each tool has a different function, so the right choice depends on the material, метод обработки, обработка поверхности, и производственные требования.

If you need custom milling cutters for CNC machining, Cutterbest can support different tool types, sizes, покрытия, и требования к приложению.

For common CNC milling applications, start with our Фрезы с ЧПУ.

For general slotting and profiling, просмотреть наш Концевая фреза.

Для графита и абразивных материалов, выбирать концевые фрезы с алмазным покрытием.